Immersive virtual reality applications for design reviews: Systematic literature review and classification scheme for functionalities

The development of immersive virtual reality (IVR) applications for design reviews is a major trend in the design field. While many different applications have been developed, there is little consensus on the functionalities necessary for these applications. This paper proposes a classification scheme for IVR functionalities related to design reviews (DRs), combining conceptual-to-empirical and empirical-to-conceptual strategies. The classification scheme consists of eight class categories (Input, Representation, Navigation, Manipulation, Collaboration, Edit, Creation, and Output), 22 class subcategories, and 55 classes. The classification scheme has been validated by analysing several commercial IVR applications for DRs. As part of the classification scheme development, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was utilised to review 70 articles that develop IVR applications for DRs. The results from systematic literature reviews suggest the development of solutions that integrate several class categories, are better connected to current design workflows, include various design information, support a DR planning cycle, and support distributed work. The proposed classification scheme helps to orient the future development of IVR applications for DRs and provides a framework to systematically accumulate evidence on the effect of such applications on DRs.     

220t/h循环流化床锅炉温度测点布置及其仪表选型

结合某年产20万t乙二醇项目,分析220t/h高温高压低倍率循环流化床燃煤锅炉温度测点的布置。通过对比各种温度检测仪表的优、缺点,并分析温度测点处介质的特点,给出了安化220t/h循环流化床锅炉温度仪表的选型方案。     

自控仪表设计项目启动要点

总结自控仪表设计项目的启动要点及其所包含的主要工作内容,对需要重点关注的问题进行了提示,使项目负责人和高级专业技术工程师充分认识到做好项目启动阶段对于整个项目实施的重要性。同时,对项目负责人和高级专业工程师在重点工作中应具备的基本能力和技术要求进行说明。     

高职高专医学检验专业《仪器分析》实验教学改革探索

根据高职高专检验专业仪器分析实验教学的特点和现状,结合多年仪器分析的教学实践,从实验内容、师生关系、实验教学方法及模式、实验考核等方面进行了一系列改革探索,以期提高仪器分析实验教学效果。     

振动仪法测试纤维线密度的影响因素分析

利用VIBROMAT M振动式细度仪对不同规格纤维样品的线密度进行测试,从仪器的稳定性、张力夹重量、测试纤维根数、取样的均匀性、样品的含湿量等方面对VIBROMAT M细度仪测试线密度结果的影响因素进行了分析,介绍了振动式细度仪法测试结果的修正方法,提出了保证测试结果准确可靠的方法及仪器的应用建议。     

独立学院仪器分析教学改革探析

仪器分析应用越来越广泛,在诸多科学技术领域中发挥着重要作用。仪器分析已成为各类院校化学、环境、材料、生物等专业风起逐鹿的重要课程。本文拟以独立学院人才培养目标及自身教学经验并结合其生源特点,分析其仪器分析课程及教学存在的一些问题,提出独立院校仪器分析教学改革的措施和思路。     

化工仪表及自动化教学模式的探索与研究

结合本校的实际情况在传统教学的基础上,引入了实践环节,探索了实践教学的教学模式。以学生为中心,从多媒体教学环节、实践小模块的引入课堂环节、课后实习见习环节等方面入手,构建了实践教学模式。该教学模式提高学生上课的积极性,自主学习能力,实践能力和创新能力,也促进了教师教学水平的提高。     

The Discovery of Potentially Selective Human Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS) Inhibitors: A Combination of Pharmacophore Modelling,CoMFA, Virtual Screening and Molecular Docking Studies

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) plays an important role in neurotransmission and smooth muscle relaxation. Selective inhibition of nNOS over its other isozymes is highly desirable for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases to avoid undesirable effects. In this study, we present a workflow for the identification and prioritization of compounds as potentially selective human nNOS inhibitors. Three-dimensional pharmacophore models were constructed based on a set of known nNOS inhibitors. The pharmacophore models were evaluated by Pareto surface and CoMFA (Comparative Molecular Field Analysis) analyses. The best pharmacophore model, which included 7 pharmacophore features, was used as a search query in the SPECS database (SPECS^®, Delft, The Netherlands). The hit compounds were further filtered by scoring and docking. Ten hits were identified as potential selective nNOS inhibitors.     

In Silico Discovery of Potential VEGFR-2 Inhibitors from Natural Derivatives for Anti-Angiogenesis Therapy

Angiogenesis is the growth of new capillaries from existing blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients and provide gateways for immune surveillance. Abnormal vessel growth in term of excessive angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer, inflammatory and eye diseases. VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) dominating the process of angiogenesis has led to approval of therapeutic inhibitors and is becoming a promising target for anti-angiogenic drugs. Notwithstanding these successes, the clinical use of current VEGFR-2 blockers is more challenging than anticipated. Taking axitinib as a reference drug, in our study we found three potent VEGFR-2 inhibitors (ZINC08254217, ZINC08254138, and ZINC03838680) from natural derivatives. Each of the three inhibitors acquired a better grid score than axitinib (−62.11) when docked to VEGFR-2. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that ZINC08254217– and ZINC08254138–VEGFR-2 complexes were more stable than axitinib. Similar to bind free energy for axitinib (−54.68 kcal/mol), such for ZINC03838680, ZINC08254217, and ZINC08254138 was −49.37, −43.32, and −32.73 kcal/mol respectively. These results suggested these three compounds could be candidate drugs against angiogenesis, with comparable VEGFR-2 binding affinity of axitinib. Hence findings in our study are able to provide valuable information on discovery of effective anti-angiogenesis therapy.     

Target Hopping as a Useful Tool for the Identification of Novel EphA2 Protein–Protein Antagonists

Lithocholic acid (LCA), a physiological ligand for the nuclear receptor FXR and the G‐protein‐coupled receptor TGR5, has been recently described as an antagonist of the EphA2 receptor, a key member of the ephrin signalling system involved in tumour growth. Given the ability of LCA to recognize FXR, TGR5, and EphA2 receptors, we hypothesized that the structural requirements for a small molecule to bind each of these receptors might be similar. We therefore selected a set of commercially available FXR or TGR5 ligands and tested them for their ability to inhibit EphA2 by targeting the EphA2‐ephrin‐A1 interface. Among the selected compounds, the stilbene carboxylic acid GW4064 was identified as an effective antagonist of EphA2, being able to block EphA2 activation in prostate carcinoma cells, in the micromolar range. This finding proposes the “target hopping” approach as a new effective strategy to discover new protein–protein interaction inhibitors.